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Cheadle, Greater Manchester

Coordinates: 53°23′36″N 2°12′41″W / 53.3933°N 2.2113°W / 53.3933; -2.2113
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Not to be confused with Cheadle Heath; Cheadle Hulme; or Cheadle, Staffordshire.

Cheadle
St Mary's Church in the centre of Cheadle
Cheadle is located in Greater Manchester
Cheadle
Cheadle
Location within Greater Manchester
Area3.27 km2 (1.26 sq mi)
Population5,698 
• Density1,743/km2 (4,510/sq mi)
OS grid referenceSJ859885
Metropolitan borough
Metropolitan county
Region
CountryEngland
Sovereign stateUnited Kingdom
Post townCHEADLE
Postcode districtSK8
Dialling code0161
PoliceGreater Manchester
FireGreater Manchester
AmbulanceNorth West
UK Parliament
List of places
UK
England
Greater Manchester
53°23′36″N 2°12′41″W / 53.3933°N 2.2113°W / 53.3933; -2.2113

Cheadle (/ˈtʃiːdəl/) is a village in the Metropolitan Borough of Stockport, in the county of Greater Manchester, England. Within the boundaries of the historic county of Cheshire, it borders Cheadle Hulme, Gatley, Heald Green and Cheadle Heath in Stockport, and East Didsbury in Manchester. In 2011, it had a population of 14,698.[1]

Etymology

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The name of the village is first attested in the Domesday Book of 1086, in the form Cedde; from the twelfth century onwards it appears in forms such as Chedle, Chedlee, Chedlegh, and Chelle.[2][3] The second part of the name is agreed to come from the Old English word lēah ("clearing in woodland". The first part is usually agreed to come from the Common Brittonic word that survives in modern Welsh as coed ("wood").[4][5]: 280  However, it is possible that it originated instead in the Old English word cēod ("a bag, a bag-like hollow").[3]

History

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There has been human occupation in the area that is now Cheadle since prehistoric times.[citation needed] The earliest evidence of civilisation is of burial mounds dating from the Iron Age, belonging to Celts who occupied Britain. Later, the area was occupied by Brigantes, whose activity was discovered in the form of axe fragments.

In the first millennium, Romans occupied the area, and their coins have been discovered. During the seventh century, St. Chad preached in the area.[6] A stone cross dedicated to him was found close to the confluence of the River Mersey and Micker Brook in 1873.[7]

It was held by Gamel, a free Saxon under Hugh d'Avranches, 1st Earl of Chester; it was about three miles long and half as wide, containing both wooded and open land, with areas enclosed for hunting purposes.[2] This early manor occupied the approximate areas of both modern day Cheadle and Cheadle Hulme.

By June 1294, Geoffrey de Chedle was lord of the manor, and it was valued at about £20 per annum. Geoffrey's descendant Robert (or Roger) died in the early 1320s, leaving the estate to his wife Matilda who held it until her death in 1326.[7] As there were no male heirs the manor, which was now worth £30 per annum,[8] was divided between her daughters, Clemence and Agnes. Agnes inherited the northern half (which would later become the modern-day Cheadle), and Clemence inherited the southern half (latterly Cheadle Hulme). The two areas became known as "Chedle Bulkeley" and "Chedle Holme" respectively.

William de Bulkeley succeeded his mother, and was a participant in several wars in France for Edward, the Black Prince. His son, Richard, was sent to live at the court Richard II, and later to a baron whose daughter Margery married Richard. Richard died at the age of 21, then Margery married secondly without royal permission to Sir Randle Mainwaring. Margery lived until she was around 90 years old, then was succeeded by her grandson and great-grandson, both named William. Shortly after the Battle of Bosworth, the latter William was succeeded by his brother Richard.[9]

During the reign of Henry VIII, the current St Mary's Church on High Street was built.[10] There has been a church on the site since the 12th century, the original being constructed of wood,[2] but it was rebuilt in stone between 1520 and 1550.[11] The church contains an effigy of John Stanley who, along with many other men from the area, fought in the Battle of Flodden.[10] Later he claimed the manor for himself, but was imprisoned by Thomas Wolsey who ensured the land went to its rightful owner.[12]

The Bulkeleys continued to hold the lands as lords of the manor until the 18th century, when the manor was purchased by Thomas Egerton.

Gatley Road, Cheadle in 1908

Moseley Old Hall, an early Stuart mansion dating from 1666 is still standing and is owned privately.

Abney Hall is a late Victorian hall from 1847 and was used as the Cheadle town hall from 1959 until 1974: it is now used for offices. It is surrounded by parkland which is open to the public all year round and features some of the only wetlands left in Stockport.

Cheadle grew rapidly during the Industrial Revolution when it was used as a stopping point for travellers and merchants on their way to central Manchester.

Geography

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Cheadle is a suburban village in the Metropolitan Borough of Stockport, Greater Manchester, 3 miles (4.8 km) from Stockport town centre and 8 miles (13 km) from Manchester city centre. It is close to Manchester Airport. Cheadle lies on the Cheshire Plain in the final meander of the Ladybrook Valley before it joins the River Mersey to the north. Cheadle is on the A560 from Stockport to Chester and borders onto the A34. Its geology is boulder clay and gravels: the parkland of Abney Hall to the north is on the flood plain of the Mersey.

Governance

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There is one main tier of local government covering Cheadle, at metropolitan borough level: Stockport Metropolitan Borough Council. The council is a member of the Greater Manchester Combined Authority, which is led by the directly-elected Mayor of Greater Manchester.

Administrative history

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Cheadle was an ancient parish in the Macclesfield Hundred of Cheshire. The parish was subdivided into three townships: Cheadle Bulkeley, Cheadle Moseley and Handforth.[13] From the 13th century the parish also included a detached area called Bosden, which included the eastern side of Hazel Grove and was surrounded by Stockport parish.[14] Bosden was administered as part of the Handforth township, which was thereafter sometimes known as 'Handforth-cum-Bosden'.[15]

The Bulkeley and Moseley townships had complicated boundaries with each other. Both townships included part of Cheadle village, and each had numerous detached parts surrounded by the other township. The hamlet of Cheadle Hulme was in the Moseley township. Both townships also included areas on the western edge of the town of Stockport, known as the hamlets of Brinksway and Edgeley.[16] In 1832 the hamlets of Brinksway and Edgeley were included in the Stockport constituency.[17] Stockport's borough boundary was enlarged to match the constituency in 1836.[18][19][20]

From the 17th century onwards, parishes were gradually given various civil functions under the poor laws, in addition to their original ecclesiastical functions. In some cases, including Cheadle, the civil functions were exercised by each township rather than the parish as a whole. In 1866, the legal definition of 'parish' was changed to be the areas used for administering the poor laws, and so Cheadle Bulkeley, Cheadle Moseley and Handforth-cum-Bosden became separate civil parishes, which therefore diverged from the ecclesiastical parish.[21] Cheadle Bulkeley and Cheadle Moseley were merged into a single township and civil parish called Cheadle in 1879.[22][23]

In 1886 a local government district called Cheadle and Gatley was created, administered by an elected local board. The district covered the Stockport Etchells township (in which Gatley was the main settlement) plus the parts of the township of Cheadle that were outside the borough boundaries of Stockport.[24] Local government districts were reconstituted as urban districts under the Local Government Act 1894.[25][26] The 1894 Act also directed that civil parishes could no longer straddle district or borough boundaries, and so Cheadle parish was reduced to just cover just the area within the Cheadle and Gatley Urban District.[27]

In 1888, Cheadle and Gatley was divided into four electoral wards: Adswood, Cheadle, Cheadle Hulme and Gatley.[28] There were some adjustments to the boundaries with neighbouring Wilmslow and Handforth in 1901, and the wards were restructured again, splitting Cheadle Hulme into north and south, and merging in Adswood.[28] Due to the fast-paced growth of the district, the wards were again restructured in 1930, with the addition of Heald Green. The Cheadle and Stockport Etchells civil parishes were merged in 1930 into a single civil parish called Cheadle and Gatley covering the whole urban district.[29] In 1921 (the last census before its abolition) the Cheadle civil parish had a population of 8,845.[30] In 1940 the wards were redfined again as Adswood, Cheadle East, Cheadle West, Cheadle Hulme North, Cheadle Hulme South, Gatley and Heald Green.[31]

Cheadle and Gatley Urban District was abolished in 1974 under the Local Government Act 1972. The area became part of the Metropolitan Borough of Stockport in Greater Manchester.[32][20]

Since 1950, Cheadle has been part of the Cheadle parliamentary constituency.[33]

Transport

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Buses

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Cheadle's public transport is currently confined to bus routes provided by several operators, predominantly Stagecoach Manchester. Key routes include:[34]

Railway

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The locality was served between 1866 until 1964 by a Cheshire Lines Committee railway station (initially called Cheadle and, from 1950, Cheadle North) situated 600 yards (550 m) north of the village on the west side of Manchester Road. It was also served, from 1866 until 1917, by Cheadle LNWR, a London & North Western Railway station located next to the railway overbridge near the centre of the village. Both stations were on lines leading from Altrincham to Stockport.

There are now advanced plans to build a new station in Cheadle, on the Mid-Cheshire line between Altrincham and Stockport. The station facilities would be built on the car park of the Alexandra Hospital, near to where the former LNWR station was sited. It is expected to open in 2025.[35]

Nearby stations are located at Gatley, approximately one mile west of Cheadle, and the neighbouring areas of East Didsbury (within the City of Manchester's boundaries), Cheadle Hulme and Heald Green.[36]

Roads

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Cheadle is accessed by junctions 2 and 3 of the M60 Manchester orbital motorway.

Air

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Cheadle is located approximately 4 miles from Manchester Airport.

Housing

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A number of houses in Cheadle that were built in the 1800s still stand today, in a conservation area in the centre of the village.

There is also a Manchester overspill council estate that was constructed shortly after the Second World War to rehouse families from the Victorian slums of inner-city Manchester. In April 2008, these homes were transferred to a housing association, Mossbank Homes.

Education

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The following educational establishments are in Cheadle:

Primary schools:

  • Cheadle Primary School
  • Ladybridge Primary School
  • Meadowbank Primary School

Secondary schools:

Special education:

  • Together Trust (made up of Child and Youth Care Education Service (CYCES) and Inscape House)

Independent schools:

Economy

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Cheadle is home to the HQ of sportswear giants Umbro.

It formerly had the head office of Nord Anglia Education.[37] At a later time the Nord Anglia Cheadle housed the International Schools and Learning Services divisions.[38]

Currently Cheadle is home to the UK head office of the largest global provider of high school exchange - Educatius "[1]

Sport

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The village's football club is Cheadle Town F.C. that play in the North West Counties Football League.

Notable people

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Sport

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See also

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References

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Citations

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  1. ^ "Cheadle & Gatley Ward 2011 Census.Retained Feb 2015".
  2. ^ a b c Clarke, p.3
  3. ^ a b Watts, Victor, ed. (2004). The Cambridge Dictionary of English Place-Names, Based on the Collections of the English Place-Name Society. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521168557., s.v. Cheadle GMan.
  4. ^ Mills, A. D. (2003). A Dictionary of British Place-Names. Oxford University Press.
  5. ^ Coates, Richard; Breeze, Andrew (2000). Celtic Voices, English Places: Studies of the Celtic Impact on Place-Names in Britain. Stamford: Tyas. ISBN 1900289415..
  6. ^ Clarke, p.1
  7. ^ a b Squire, p.1
  8. ^ Squire, p.2
  9. ^ Clarke, p.4
  10. ^ a b Clarke, p.5
  11. ^ "Basic History". St Mary's Church, Cheadle. Archived from the original on 11 September 2009. Retrieved 3 September 2009.
  12. ^ Clarke, p.6
  13. ^ "Cheadle Ancient Parish / Civil Parish". A Vision of Britain through Time. GB Historical GIS / University of Portsmouth. Retrieved 16 January 2025.
  14. ^ Earwaker, John Parsons (1877). East Cheshire: Past and Present. p. 264. Retrieved 15 January 2025.
  15. ^ Brooke, Richard (1857). Visits to Fields of Battle in England. London: John Russell Smith. p. 268. Retrieved 15 January 2025.
  16. ^ "Cheshire Sheet XIX, 1882". National Library of Scotland. Ordnance Survey. Retrieved 16 January 2025.
  17. ^ Parliamentary Boundaries Act. 1832. p. 335. Retrieved 16 January 2025.
  18. ^ Municipal Corporations Act. 1835. p. 458. Retrieved 16 January 2025.
  19. ^ Reports from Commissioners: Volume 47. 1837. p. 207. Retrieved 16 January 2025.
  20. ^ a b "Greater Manchester Gazetteer". Greater Manchester County Record Office. Places names – C. Archived from the original on 18 July 2011. Retrieved 3 September 2009.
  21. ^ Youngs, Frederic (1979). Guide to the Local Administrative Units of England. London: Royal Historical Society. p. xvi. ISBN 0901050679.
  22. ^ GENUKI: Cheadle Bulkeley
  23. ^ GENUKI: Cheadle Moseley
  24. ^ Annual Report of the Local Government Board. 1887. p. 384. Retrieved 15 January 2025.
  25. ^ Kelly's Directory of Cheshire. 1914. p. 211. Retrieved 15 January 2025.
  26. ^ "Cheadle and Gatley Urban District". A Vision of Britain through Time. GB Historical GIS / University of Portsmouth. Retrieved 15 January 2025.
  27. ^ Annual Report of the Local Government Board. 1895. p. 239. Retrieved 16 January 2025.
  28. ^ a b Bowden, p.25
  29. ^ "Stockport Registration District". UKBMD. Retrieved 1 November 2024.
  30. ^ "Population statistics Cheadle CP through time". A Vision of Britain through Time. Retrieved 1 November 2024.
  31. ^ Bowden, p.27
  32. ^ "Local Government Act 1972: Schedule 1", legislation.gov.uk, The National Archives, 1972 c. 70 (sch. 1), retrieved 15 January 2025
  33. ^ Craig, p.53
  34. ^ "Stops in Cheadle". Bus Times. 2023. Retrieved 4 July 2023.
  35. ^ "Funding for a new railway station at Cheadle approved". Stockport Metropolitan Borough Council. 8 July 2022. Retrieved 4 July 2023.
  36. ^ "Timetables and engineering information for travel with Northern". Northern Railway. May 2023. Retrieved 4 July 2023.
  37. ^ "Contact Us." Nord Anglia Education PLC. 1 April 2003. Retrieved on 5 March 2016. "Head Office: Nord Anglia Education PLC Anglia House Eden Place Cheadle Cheshire SK8 1AT"
  38. ^ "Contact Us" (). Nord Anglia Education. Retrieved on 5 March 2016. "Head Office Nord Anglia Education PLC Nord House Third Avenue Centrum 100 Burton-upon-Trent Staffordshire DE14 2WD " and "International Schools Division Anglia House Carrs Road Cheadle Cheshire SK8 2LA " and "Learning Services Division Anglia House Carrs Road Cheadle Cheshire SK8 2LA "
  39. ^ Telegraph, 30 Jan 2008, Obituary retrieved 3 March 2018
  40. ^ IMDb Database retrieved 3 March 2018
  41. ^ IMDb Database retrieved 3 March 2018
  42. ^ IMDb Database retrieved 3 March 2018
  43. ^ SoccerBase Database retrieved 3 March 2018
  44. ^ CycleBase, John HERETY retrieved 3 March 2018
  45. ^ SoccerBase Database retrieved 3 March 2018

Sources

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  • Bowden, Tom (3 January 1974). Community and Change: A History of Local Government in Cheadle and Gatley. Cheadle and Gatley Urban District Council.
  • Clarke, Heather (1972). Cheadle Through the Ages. Manchester: E. J. Morten. ISBN 0-901598-44-5.
  • Craig, Fred W. S. (1972). Boundaries of Parliamentary Constituencies 1885–1972. Political Reference Publications. ISBN 0-900178-09-4.
  • Squire, Carol (January 1976). Cheadle Hulme: A Brief History. Recreation and Culture Division, Metropolitan Borough of Stockport.
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Cheadle, Greater Manchester.
Wikisource has the text of the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica article "Cheadle (Cheshire)".
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